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Unveiling the Linguistic Heritage of Apollonia: The 'APOL' Inscription's Albanian Roots

Abstract
This article explores the linguistic and historical significance of the inscription "ΑΠΟΛ" (APOL) on ancient Apollonia coins, revealing a profound connection with the Albanian language.
Introduction
Ancient Apollonia, situated in present-day Albania, was a thriving city in Illyria. Coins minted during this period bear the enigmatic inscription "ΑΠΟΛ" (APOL), sparking curiosity among linguists and historians.
Phonetic Analysis
"APOL" can be phonetically divided into
- "A" from Gegnishte, meaning "to be" in the third singular person (is)
- "PO" from "*Bho" (to do, to make), symbolizing the core concept of "making" (B>P)
- "L(e)" indicating connection with birth (movement)
Etymological Connection to Albanian
The Albanian verb "*pjell" (to give birth) holds the key to understanding "APOL." In the past tense, "*pjell" becomes "*polla," eerily resembling "APOL." This etymological link establishes continuity between ancient Apollonian and modern Albanian.
Linguistic Parallels*.
Albanian words related to fertility and reproduction support this connection:
- "LE" (born), synonymous with "offspring"
- "PELA" (female horse)
- "PULË" (chicken)
- "PILVESA" (dragonfly), from "pill" (give birth and "VESA" meaning "morning water/dew" in Albanian
- "M'BJELL" (sow), symbolizing multiplication
- "POLLINATE" (breeding, multiplication)
- "PYLL" (forest, tree propagation)
- "YJE" (standard Albanian), "ILE" (Cham Albanian dialect) (stars, multiplication of stars)
- "PELA," ancient Macedonia's capital, incorrectly translated as "stone".
Anagrammatic Insight:
The anagram "LOPA" (cow) within "APOL" reveals a profound connection:
- The cow on the coin and the inscription "APOL" raise questions about ancient Albanian writing direction.
Rolls and Anagrams.
Spoken word rotations demonstrate linguistic fluidity:
- "rot" (wheel) and "tor" (round tower)
- "rot" (wheel) and "tur-n" (taking a turn)
Historical Context
Apollonia's strategic location facilitated cultural exchange between Illyria and ancient Greece. The inscription "APOL" has its roots in the Albanian language.
Conclusion
The Apollonia coins' inscription "APOL" conceals a deep connection with the Albanian language, revealing a rich cultural heritage. Through phonetic, etymological, and linguistic analyses, we uncover the enduring significance of "APOL" as a symbol of fertility, birth, and reproduction.
Implications
This discovery:
1. Confirms the continuity of the Albanian language from ancient times.
2. Strengthens Albania's cultural ties with ancient Illyria.
3. Reinforces Albanian national identity and pride.


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